Effects of 4-tert-octylphenol on the kidney and the liver of the adult male albino rat: A histological and biochemical study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Physiology; National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR)+

2 Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; Taibah University.

3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine; Taibah University.

4 Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine; Taibah University+

5 Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alminia University.

6 National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR).

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) and Octylphenol (OP) have been shown to increase the oxidative stress in the body by upsetting the ratio balance of prooxidant and antioxidant in the cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are cytotoxic agents that caused damage of nucleic acid bases, lipids and proteins, in turn lead to cell death. So the current work aimed to investigate the potential toxic effects of 4-tertoctylphenol (OP) exposure on liver, kidney, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hematologic parameters of adult male albino rats.
Material and Methods: The total number of the animals used was 36 rats The age of the used rats was 60-75 days. The groups was devided into; 12 control rats, 24 rats received the treatment; half of them had the low dose and the other 12 had the high dose treatment. The rats were treated with 4-OP in orally low dose (10 μg/kg/day) and high dose (450 mg/kg/b.w.daily). (b.w. means the body weight). After 4 weeks of treatment blood samples were withdrawn for biochemical and hematological analysis. Also the liver and kidney were investigated histopathologically.
Results: The administration of OP resulted in a significant elevation in serum urea and creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level after administration of both low and high doses. The obtained data revealed a significant increase in liver function Aspartate Aminotransferease (ASAT) & Alanine Aminotranseferase (ALAT) as well as reduction in total protein content in target tissues of all treated groups and this confirmed by the histopathological study. Significant elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with a reduction in tissues reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the kidney and liver tissue. The total blood count and other blood parameters showed significant variations after 4-OP administration.The liver and the kidney deteriorated with the increasing doses and the duration of the treatment, showing glomerular lobulaion, mild interstitial fibrosis and tubular cytoplasmic degeneration in the kidney, while the liver showed mild venous and sinusoidal congestion along with bile duct proliferation and mild fatty change.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study raise the possibility of hepatic, renal and hematological effects exerted by 4-OP.

Keywords

The Egyptian Journal of Anatomy
Volume 41, Issue 1
January 2018
Pages 140-155

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